See -kati on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "26 35 39",
"word": "-i-kati"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 35 39",
"english": "extended form",
"translation": "extended form",
"word": "-i-kajǫ"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 35 39",
"word": "-u-kati"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 35 39",
"english": "extended form",
"translation": "extended form",
"word": "-u-kajǫ"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 35 39",
"word": "-y-kati"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 35 39",
"english": "extended form",
"translation": "extended form",
"word": "-y-kajǫ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "-kacʹ",
"word": "-каць"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "-katʹ",
"word": "-кать"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "-katy",
"word": "-кати"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "-kati",
"word": "-кати"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "-kati",
"word": "-кати"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "-kati",
"word": "-ⰽⰰⱅⰹ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "-kam",
"word": "-кам"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "-ka-",
"word": "-ка-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "-кати"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "-kati"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "-kati"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "-kat"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "-kać"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "-kať"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "-kać"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "-kaś"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"id": "verbal"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ke-"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ke-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-icō"
},
"expansion": "Latin -icō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-kōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-kōną",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-k"
},
"expansion": "English -k",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-chen"
},
"expansion": "German -chen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In Proto-Slavic, and probably Proto-Indo-European, many onomatopoeic sounds ended in */k/; for example:\n* *bьlkъ! → *bьlkati, *bьlčǫ/bьlkajǫ (“to sound like a blazing fire or boiling water; to babble, chatter”)\n* post-PIE *plāk- (“to beat, whip”) → *plakati, *plačǫ (sę) (“to beat, whip (oneself), cry, lament”)\nThis caused the suffix *-k- to be reinterpreted as having expressive/onomatopoeic meaning.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ke-, -kėti, Latin -icō (as in e.g. fodicō) and Ancient Greek -κα- (-ka-). Similar to Proto-Germanic *-kōną (and from there with English -k, German -chen, etc) even though technically not cognates.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*-ьkati",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*-ьcati",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*-gati",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-kati",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-kati",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "26 35 39",
"english": "parallel formation with the same meaning",
"translation": "parallel formation with the same meaning",
"word": "-čati"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 35 39",
"word": "-pati"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 35 39",
"word": "-tati"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 34 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 35 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 36 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 38 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 41 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ble! → *blekati, *blečǫ/*blekajǫ (“to sound like a sheep”)"
},
{
"text": "kra! → *krakati, *kračǫ (“to sound like a crow”)"
},
{
"text": "kva! → *kvakati, *kvačǫ/*kvakajǫ (“to sound like a frog, crow or duck”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates onomatopoeic verbs denoting an action of mimicking a sound in the root."
],
"id": "en--kati-sla-pro-suffix-kiYYuKHH",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 34 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 35 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 36 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 38 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 41 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bakati, *bakajǫ (“to shout, scold, chatter”) : *bajati (“to speak, order, bewitch”)"
},
{
"text": "blǫkati, *blǫkajǫ (“to loiter, wander”) : *blǫditi (“id.”)"
},
{
"text": "brukati, *brukajǫ (“to soil, pollute”) : *bruditi (“id.”)"
},
{
"text": "čakati, *čakajǫ (“to wait”) : *čajati/*čati, *čajǫ (“id.”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates expressive and emotionally colored verbs."
],
"id": "en--kati-sla-pro-suffix-6p6DJ0HI",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 34 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 35 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 36 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 38 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 41 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "běžati (“to run, quickly move”) → *běžьkati, *běžьkajǫ (“to walk, run”) (of children)"
},
{
"text": "bosti, bodǫ (“prickle, prick”) → *bodьcati, *bodьcajǫ (“to often lightly poke”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates hypocoristic and diminutive verbs."
],
"id": "en--kati-sla-pro-suffix-piWooM5C",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, from the previous meaning) Creates hypocoristic and diminutive verbs."
],
"raw_tags": [
"from the previous meaning"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-kati"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-kati",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-kati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-kati"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-kati",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-kati.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-кати",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-kati (Cyrillic spelling -кати)",
"name": "sh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kucati → kuckati"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix that turns verbs into diminutives"
],
"id": "en--kati-sh-suffix-nJng2Y5d",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-kati"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*mʊ̀kádí"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀kádí",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀kádí.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-kati",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swazi",
"lang_code": "ss",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swazi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Feminine suffix."
],
"id": "en--kati-ss-suffix-j0GFWRe~",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-kati"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Proto-Slavic entries with etymon",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic verb-forming suffixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-i-kati"
},
{
"english": "extended form",
"translation": "extended form",
"word": "-i-kajǫ"
},
{
"word": "-u-kati"
},
{
"english": "extended form",
"translation": "extended form",
"word": "-u-kajǫ"
},
{
"word": "-y-kati"
},
{
"english": "extended form",
"translation": "extended form",
"word": "-y-kajǫ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "-kacʹ",
"word": "-каць"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "-katʹ",
"word": "-кать"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "-katy",
"word": "-кати"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "-kati",
"word": "-кати"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "-kati",
"word": "-кати"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "-kati",
"word": "-ⰽⰰⱅⰹ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "-kam",
"word": "-кам"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "-ka-",
"word": "-ка-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "-кати"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "-kati"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "-kati"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "-kat"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "-kać"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "-kať"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "-kać"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "-kaś"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"id": "verbal"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-ke-"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -ke-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-icō"
},
"expansion": "Latin -icō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-kōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-kōną",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-k"
},
"expansion": "English -k",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-chen"
},
"expansion": "German -chen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In Proto-Slavic, and probably Proto-Indo-European, many onomatopoeic sounds ended in */k/; for example:\n* *bьlkъ! → *bьlkati, *bьlčǫ/bьlkajǫ (“to sound like a blazing fire or boiling water; to babble, chatter”)\n* post-PIE *plāk- (“to beat, whip”) → *plakati, *plačǫ (sę) (“to beat, whip (oneself), cry, lament”)\nThis caused the suffix *-k- to be reinterpreted as having expressive/onomatopoeic meaning.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ke-, -kėti, Latin -icō (as in e.g. fodicō) and Ancient Greek -κα- (-ka-). Similar to Proto-Germanic *-kōną (and from there with English -k, German -chen, etc) even though technically not cognates.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*-ьkati",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*-ьcati",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*-gati",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-kati",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-kati",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"english": "parallel formation with the same meaning",
"translation": "parallel formation with the same meaning",
"word": "-čati"
},
{
"word": "-pati"
},
{
"word": "-tati"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ble! → *blekati, *blečǫ/*blekajǫ (“to sound like a sheep”)"
},
{
"text": "kra! → *krakati, *kračǫ (“to sound like a crow”)"
},
{
"text": "kva! → *kvakati, *kvačǫ/*kvakajǫ (“to sound like a frog, crow or duck”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates onomatopoeic verbs denoting an action of mimicking a sound in the root."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bakati, *bakajǫ (“to shout, scold, chatter”) : *bajati (“to speak, order, bewitch”)"
},
{
"text": "blǫkati, *blǫkajǫ (“to loiter, wander”) : *blǫditi (“id.”)"
},
{
"text": "brukati, *brukajǫ (“to soil, pollute”) : *bruditi (“id.”)"
},
{
"text": "čakati, *čakajǫ (“to wait”) : *čajati/*čati, *čajǫ (“id.”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates expressive and emotionally colored verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "běžati (“to run, quickly move”) → *běžьkati, *běžьkajǫ (“to walk, run”) (of children)"
},
{
"text": "bosti, bodǫ (“prickle, prick”) → *bodьcati, *bodьcajǫ (“to often lightly poke”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates hypocoristic and diminutive verbs."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, from the previous meaning) Creates hypocoristic and diminutive verbs."
],
"raw_tags": [
"from the previous meaning"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-kati"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-kati",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-kati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-kati"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-kati",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-kati.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-кати",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-kati (Cyrillic spelling -кати)",
"name": "sh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for accents in Serbo-Croatian suffix entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian suffixes",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kucati → kuckati"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix that turns verbs into diminutives"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-kati"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*mʊ̀kádí"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀kádí",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀kádí.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-kati",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swazi",
"lang_code": "ss",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swazi entries with incorrect language header",
"Swazi lemmas",
"Swazi suffixes",
"Swazi terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Swazi terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
],
"glosses": [
"Feminine suffix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-kati"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -kati meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.